[[apps]]
name = "Konstantinos Kritos"
year = 2026
category = "Compact Objects and Accretion"
title = "Unveiling the mystery of massive black hole seeds through gravitational and electromagnetic waves"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "Johns Hopkins University"
institution_host = "Stony Brook University"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1sEElvNIvgUgDpVb8bMnPImzSaQmKBD8a"

[[apps]]
name = "Nicholas Rui"
year = 2025
category = "Stellar Physics"
title = "A seismic atlas of the stellar merger sky"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "California Institute of Technology"
institution_host = "Princeton University"
abstract = "Stellar mergers are common but poorly understood processes. Owing to its sensitivity to internal stellar properties, asteroseismology is uniquely capable of discovering merger remnant stars that appear superficially normal. Red giants' rich pulsation spectra, strong coupling to core oscillations, and high rates of interaction make them optimal targets for seismic searches of past mergers. The hundreds of thousands of red giants measured by TESS and Roman will revolutionize these searches by building large enough seismic samples of merger remnants to probe the statistics of the mergers themselves. As a Hubble Fellow, I will model the seismic properties of a diverse zoo of red giant merger remnant stars. By comparing TESS and Roman catalogs to synthetic populations from next-generation binary population codes, I will extract the intrinsic rates of various types of stellar mergers."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/17VsxMDhpDdEFs1QKKjo-TA5g1VpvLSb2"

[[apps]]
name = "Jaren Ashcraft"
year = 2024
category = "Exoplanets and Habitability"
title = "Optimizing The Vector Field For Next-Generation Astrophysics"
flavor = "Sagan"
institution_phd = "University of Arizona"
institution_host = "University of California, Santa Barbara"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/17cLV9D4Ei1blB-YvwPbYEmXToUvzMQUl"

[[apps]]
name = "Sylvia Biscoveanu"
year = 2023
category = "Gravitational Wave Astrophysics"
title = "From black holes to the Big Bang: astrophysics and cosmology with gravitational waves and their electromagnetic counterparts"
flavor = "Einstein"
institution_phd = "Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
institution_host = "Northwestern University"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KNcxKqXMmxrIUjLMbdBCTcd0bq5X95k4"

[[apps]]
name = "Justin Pierel"
year = 2023
category = "Physics and Cosmology"
title = "Leveraging HST for a New Era of Precision NIR SN Ia Cosmology"
flavor = "Einstein"
institution_phd = "University of Southern Carolina"
institution_host = "Space Telescope Science Institute"
abstract = "Near-infrared (NIR) observations from the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will help to unravel the mysteries of dark energy. Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) will be one of the principal anchors of the Roman cosmology program, requiring a model of SN Ia light curve evolution used to make corrections to the observed SN brightness and thereby infer a luminosity distance. Such corrections take into account, among other variables, that less luminous SN Ia are cooler and therefore appear redder. Unfortunately, this relationship is confounded by dust, which also produces fainter and redder objects, making it extremely difficult to correctly infer intrinsic SN Ia color, and thus luminosity. The consequence is one of the largest systematic uncertainties for SN Ia dark energy measurements today. Fortunately, Roman will be observing at rest-frame NIR wavelengths, where SN Ia are better standard candles and the impact of dust is extremely small. However, my work only recently trained the industry-standard model for SN Ia standardization (SALT3) at NIR wavelengths, so our understanding of NIR SN Ia cosmology is severely limited. As a Hubble Fellow, I will use my new model (SALT3-NIR) to make the first HST WFC3/IR-only measurement of the dark energy equation of state parameter, w. This work will significantly improve calibration and dust-related uncertainties compared to the optical and provide the first analysis of systematics/best practices for NIR SN Ia cosmology, which I will use to re-optimize the Roman survey for rest-frame optical+NIR."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1J2EPCPlKGDGqQz0Gd4skq48bDjNzp_SQ"

[[apps]]
name = "Sultan Hassan"
year = 2022
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "Illuminating the Primeval Universe with Lyman$\\alpha$"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of the Western Cape"
institution_host = "New York University"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1smixmBAokVM_EHQjHf70K0_HJ7qaad2K"

[[apps]]
name = "Joel Ong"
year = 2022
category = "Stellar Physics"
title = "Constraining Post-main-sequence Angular Momentum Evolution with Mixed-mode Asteroseismology"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "Yale University"
institution_host = "University of Hawaii"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1EXujDZTr4OjB-XE8V4Sy357TEhIwYy7N"

[[apps]]
name = "Dávid Guszejnov"
year = 2022
category = "Stellar Physics"
title = "The Role of Physical Processes and the Environment in Star Formation"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "California Institute of Technology"
institution_host = "Harvard University"
abstract = "Stars are the fundamental units of astrophysics and their formation is a key process that influences the evolution of galaxies, planets, and the development of life. Understanding how stars form is crucial even for seemingly unconnected fields of astronomy, as the interpretation of observed starlight from galaxies (even as a background) and other unresolved sources relies on our understanding of star formation (e.g., an assumed initial mass function of stars). There is no comprehensive theory of star formation, despite intense effort on both the theoretical and observational sides, due to the complex, non-linear physics involved and the enormous dynamic range of the problem. My goal is to understand the roles turbulence, magnetic fields, feedback and the local environment play in star formation, on scales from individual protostars to giant molecular clouds. I am building both analytical and numerical tools to answer questions like: What regulates star formation? What sets the characteristic mass of the stellar initial mass function (IMF)? Why are stars clustered? What sets the properties of binaries? How is star formation different in other galaxies?"
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1QKKjHriEDINC0_Th8TNDE3w4yqe5MZhc"

[[apps]]
name = "Pradip Gatkine"
year = 2021
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "Probing the CGM-galaxy connection using Multi-object Spectroscopy and Astrophotonics"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of Maryland College Park"
institution_host = "California Institute of Technology"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1tEWJbyXvIgvvkST1puhWhsqfHq_9pWvT"

[[apps]]
name = "Michael Grudić"
year = 2021
category = "Stellar Physics"
title = "Star-Formation Physics from Cosmos to Cores"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "California Institute of Technology"
institution_host = "Carnegie Observatories"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1MYRomMHc1tNckCbuLEWLwzkcQ9QfUVGW"

[[apps]]
name = "Megan Mansfield"
year = 2021
category = "Exoplanets and Habitability"
title = "Atmospheres as Windows to the Diversity of Extrasolar Planets"
flavor = "Sagan"
institution_phd = "University of Chicago"
institution_host = "University of Arizona"
abstract = "The main goals of exoplanet atmosphere spectroscopy are to determine their compositions and thermal structures in order to further our understanding of planetary formation, physics, and chemistry. Over the past decade exoplanet observations have greatly advanced our understanding of planetary atmospheres, but we have yet to understand these objects as full, three-dimensional worlds. I propose to research planetary formation, evolution, and habitability through observations of transiting exoplanet atmospheres. My research will focus on three ways to achieve unprecedented precision in exoplanet observations. First, I will use the newly available James Webb Space Telescope to investigate the habitability of terrestrial exoplanets. Second, I will use the new technique of spectroscopic eclipse mapping to resolve hot Jupiter daysides in three dimensions. Finally, I will use newly developed techniques to precisely measure exoplanet compositions with high-resolution observations. My interdisciplinary background and my work in exoplanet observations and theoretical models mean that as a Hubble Fellow I would be uniquely poised to integrate these observational studies into a broader understanding of the atmospheric chemistry and dynamics of exoplanets. My proposed research is directly relevant to the NASA Astrophysics Exoplanet Exploration Program’s goals to characterize exoplanetary systems and understand the habitability of Earth-like planets."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1xQZX9OZMF-NMfqbc_aYqV46QLrBst9lS"

[[apps]]
name = "Anowar Shajib"
year = 2021
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "Internal Structure of Massive Elliptical Galaxies: The Missing Piece at the Intersection of Astrophysics and Cosmology"
flavor = "Einstein"
institution_phd = "University of California, Los Angeles"
institution_host = "University of Chicago"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1tEWJbyXvIgvvkST1puhWhsqfHq_9pWvT"

[[apps]]
name = "Siyao Xu"
year = 2020
category = "Physics and Cosmology"
title = "Cosmic Ray Diffusion in the Multi-phase Interstellar Medium"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "Peking University"
institution_host = "Institute for Advanced Study"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1RrGzixTjqBJ0-8lkVMRQLJCKVDMxBJ6K"

[[apps]]
name = "Sarah Millholland"
year = 2020
category = "Exoplanet Formation and Protoplanetary Disks"
title = "Formation and Dynamics of Short-Period Exoplanetary Systems"
flavor = "Sagan"
institution_phd = "Yale University"
institution_host = "Princeton University"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1yAzT-mOl4NglPmNLqMMBYPaOvCVN2BDl"

[[apps]]
name = "Peter Gao"
year = 2020
category = "Exoplanets and Habitability"
title = "The Role of Aerosols in the Formation and Early Evolution of Giant Planets"
flavor = "Sagan"
institution_phd = "California Institute of Technology"
institution_host = "University of California, Santa Cruz"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1nHikyqzaaEsQLfrHJBKEkErLy6mT40lp"

[[apps]]
name = "Michael Zevin"
year = 2020
category = "Gravitational Wave Astrophysics"
title = "Deciphering the Biography of Massive Stars: Compact Object Mergers as a Rosetta Stone"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "Northwestern University"
institution_host = "University of Chicago"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wNNuztYR_ai5swfw_8Yuf19YrPo5oHhY"

[[apps]]
name = "Kevin Wagner"
year = 2020
category = "Exoplanets and Habitability"
title = "A New Era of Exoplanet Imaging Mid-Infrared Exploration of the Habitable Zones of Nearby Stars"
flavor = "Sagan"
institution_phd = "University of Arizona"
institution_host = "University of Arizona"
abstract = "Earth-sized exoplanets have been discovered through indirect observations, while direct imaging has enabled the discoveries of roughly a dozen wide-orbit giant planets. For bright nearby stars, the habitable zones overlap with background-limited sensitivity regions of current large telescopes-enabling an exciting opportunity to bridge the gap and to directly image nearby, potentially habitable planets in long exposures. With the current sensitivity, we can possibly observe habitable-zone super-Earths around the nearest stars, and, with continued progress, my aim is to directly observe the most challenging and exciting targets: exo-Earths. As a NASA Hubble Postdoctoral Fellow, I will first work to more than double the sensitivity of mid-infrared exoplanet imaging by developing new instrumental upgrades. Second, I will utilize this performance gain to conduct a novel direct imaging survey for habitable-zone giant planets around ten nearby stars. Third, I will demonstrate a very deep exposure that will be sensitive to sub-Neptune-sized planets. Finally, I will explore building upon these developments with a conceptual design of a future instrument for the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT), which will enable imaging many more low-mass planets around more distant stars."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1-sTiJaWwR5442nqab2vukt6e7Huw-o0W"

[[apps]]
name = "David Martin"
year = 2020
category = "Exoplanets and Habitability"
title = "Two Projects with Circumbinary Planets—Using the Planets to Solve Super-Earth Formation, and the Binaries to Empirically Constrain M-dwarfs"
flavor = "Sagan"
institution_phd = "University of Geneva"
institution_host = "The Ohio State University"
abstract = "The Kepler mission has yielded two particularly revolutionary results. First, there is a plentiful abundance of Earth and super-Earth sized exoplanets. Second, we have uncovered planets orbiting two stars - circumbinary planets - which possess advantageous observational properties and provide a unique probe of planet formation. However, these two results remain mutually exclusive; no circumbinary planet has been discovered smaller than 3 Earth radii, owing to the insensitivity of searches. As a Hubble fellow I conduct a two-part project. First, I will create and implement sophisticated automated techniques to discover roughly 50 circumbinary Earths and super-Earths transiting Kepler binaries, and potentially more in TESS. Many will have habitable orbits comparable to the inner Solar System. Enhanced circumbinary transit probabilities mean that the stars will be amongst the brightest known to host transiting planets, making these pristine candidates for atmospheric characterisation. I will tap this previously hidden gold mine in the Kepler data, and provide a necessary development for TESS. The second part of my fellowship will be to interpret this plethora of new results to develop revolutionary comparative planetary formation models, and leave a legacy of both targets and techniques for future instruments such as JWST and PLATO."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1TD8yjopoE3iK1ff9xThxgoZvTmL1lQ7h"

[[apps]]
name = "David Jones"
year = 2020
category = "Physics and Cosmology"
title = "Supernova Cosmology in the Era of Cosmological Tensions"
flavor = "Einstein"
institution_phd = "Johns Hopkins University"
institution_host = "University of California, Santa Cruz"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1QqRXXcp31_3UtIAbWeLgSSQMumF2pXaB"

[[apps]]
name = "Arpita Roy"
year = 2020
category = "Exoplanets and Habitability"
title = "Of Worlds to Come: Delivering On the Promise of Extreme Precision Spectroscopy for Exoplanets"
flavor = "Sagan"
institution_phd = "Pennsylvania State University"
institution_host = "California Institute of Technology"
abstract = "In the overarching quest for habitable worlds, we stand now at a highly potent juncture in the field of ground-based radial velocity as the new generation of \"extreme precision\" planet hunting spectrographs comes online. This proposal leverages my experience with six of these upcoming next-generation instruments to deliver the much-anticipated Keck Planet Finder spectrograph (in the culmination of my role as Project Scientist), and exploit early science on both KPF and NEID, including studies of stellar activity mitigation, and a pioneering reflected light campaign that becomes possible with the advent of these instruments. Bringing these instruments to final precision requires an extensive commissioning and early science effort, but with the reward of exquisitely stable spectra that allow unprecedented scrutiny into the temporal behavior of stars and planets, revolutionizing our understanding of their variability on different timescales. If a robust detection technique for reflected light can be established as part of this proposal, it will open up a new field of exoplanet characterization, based on the study of atmospheric albedos, and lay the foundation for ground-based (instruments on 30m-class telescopes) and future space-based (JWST, HabEx/LUVOIR) imaging and habitability studies."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wvxDh-bJPTeYjq8-T2gg-HYmrz29kJYq"

[[apps]]
name = "Yao-Yuan Mao"
year = 2019
category = "Physics and Cosmology"
title = "The Galaxy–Halo Connection: Probing the Dark Universe with Galaxies"
flavor = "Einstein"
institution_phd = "Stanford University"
institution_host = "Rutgers University"
abstract = "Our limited understanding of the relationship between visible galaxies and their host dark matter halos has become the most significant systematic uncertainty that hinder our exploration of the nature of dark matter and dark energy. I am in a unique position to employ the galaxy-halo connection to tackle this challenge and to support a diverse set of surveys and experiments. I propose to advance the galaxy-halo connection models so that we can confidently interpret the upcoming results of cosmological surveys, galaxy studies, and dark matter searches. My research program involves theoretical, observational, and infrastructural work, and provides vital components for ongoing and upcoming surveys and experiments."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1DuyrI9rqgGF3xKn6rFFcmPm_-dlGKhrt"

[[apps]]
name = "Georgia Panopoulou"
year = 2019
category = "The Milky Way and Resolved Stellar Populations"
title = "A unique approach to the determination of the Galactic magnetic field using starlight and synchrotron polarization observations"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of Crete"
institution_host = "California Institute of Technology"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1egOEudfDEbzAxJ-ay_ZsHcS9z7FbNPRU"

[[apps]]
name = "Dillon Brout"
year = 2019
category = "Physics and Cosmology"
title = "Improving Cosmological Constraints with the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program and a Decade of Type Ia Supernovae"
flavor = "Einstein"
institution_phd = "University of Pennsylvania"
institution_host = "Harvard University"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1BEYxHYRcymzYtqTHPFbsx_3ISMoydbD-"

[[apps]]
name = "Coral Wheeler"
year = 2019
category = "The Milky Way and Resolved Stellar Populations"
title = "Ultra-High Resolution Simulations of the Milky Way and its Satellites"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of California, Irvine"
institution_host = "Carnegie Observatories"
abstract = "The Local Group provides a Rosetta Stone for galaxy formation theory, linking cosmology and Galactic astronomy in a unique way. Many aspects of the spatial structure, star formation history, and satellites of the Milky Way (MW) are known to a precision that is unachievable in extragalactic systems, and we expect to soon have massive new observational datasets with which to test fundamental predictions of cosmological and galaxy formation models. Of course the MW and its satellites are not independent systems — the differences between the independent and interacting dwarf galaxies provide important clues to the relative importance of feedback and interactions with massive neighbors in regulating dwarf galaxy properties. These interactions may also affect the MW. I will extract analogues for a MW-mass galaxy and a pair of dwarfs at different masses from cosmological simulations ~2-4 Gyr before z=0 and re-simulate their interaction using orbital properties taken from current observations, focusing on two projects: 1) The effect of an encounter between dwarf galaxies and the MW on the star formation, kinematics and substructure of the interacting satellites and 2) The effect of the collision on the morphology and star formation history of the MW itself."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1m7f3OGy9Zzfki8ncGTb40NOZpW6E-Ds7"

[[apps]]
name = "Christopher Theissen"
year = 2019
category = "Exoplanets and Habitability"
title = "Planetary Collisions around Low-Mass Stars: Constraining the Timescale for Collisions and Testing the Origin of the Kepler Dichotomy"
flavor = "Sagan"
institution_phd = "Boston University"
institution_host = "University of California, San Diego"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HZK1Z_Jst2jYnsMp5jCMqJ-OiqwRPqVF"

[[apps]]
name = "Jamie Tayar"
year = 2018
category = "Stellar Physics"
title = "Subgiants: Models, Rotation, Convection, and Planets"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "Ohio State University"
institution_host = "University of Hawaii"
abstract = "Stellar models are the pillars of many areas of astrophysics and make a rich web of predictions for the properties and evolution of stars. While these models perform well for stars like our sun, important inconsistencies have been identified in other regimes. With the launch of the TESS satellite next year, in combination with Gaia data and ground based spectroscopy, there will finally be a large sample of stars with measured masses, radii, surface gravities, temperatures, metallicities, core and surface rotation rates, granulation and macroturbulence, which can be used to improve stellar models and therefore the inferences drawn from them. Specifically, I will use this sample to calibrate the masses and radii of stellar models, and better our understanding of stellar evolution, especially the physics of rotation and convection. This work will also improve the measured masses, radii, and ages of planets, provide insight into which stars are most likely to have detectable planets, and improve estimates of the planet distribution as a function of stellar mass and metallicity. In short, this work will improve both our understanding of our own cosmic origins, and our ability to study planetary systems outside our own."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1mV753AOZd5JFaMtIPt-_qd0Ypz5jtnYl"

[[apps]]
name = "Charlotte Mason"
year = 2018
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "Revolutionizing Reionization with JWST"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of California, Los Angeles"
institution_host = "Smithsonian Astronomical Observatory"
abstract = "How and when did the first stars and galaxies form? The Reionization of intergalactic hydrogen in the universe’s first billion years was driven by the first sources of light; so its timeline encodes information about their properties, but it is not well-measured. I will develop modeling frameworks for galaxies at our observational frontiers to measure the timeline of reionization at $z>7$ for the first time, and infer properties of the earliest galaxies. My state-of-the-art models provide critical tools needed to interpret upcoming JWST observations, enabling us to ask fundamental questions about galaxy formation in the early universe."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HGfO76nCuit4wATuduAX3KldSnyrRSlD"

[[apps]]
name = "Benedikt Diemer"
year = 2018
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "Mapping the true boundary of dark matter halos with the splashback radius"
flavor = "Einstein"
institution_phd = "University of Chicago"
institution_host = "Harvard University"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1U8oSXx2H0kT4Z1kLyJlb0R7ZxQXPZDi4"

[[apps]]
name = "Siyao Xu"
year = 2017
category = "Physics and Cosmology"
title = "The Role of Neutral‐ion Coupling in Star Formation"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "Peking University"
institution_host = "University of Wisconsin–Madison"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1-YpBoN9dQOMFFJwpZtTav61ybiYuRHh4"

[[apps]]
name = "Raphaelle Haywood"
year = 2017
category = "Exoplanets and Habitability"
title = "Breaking the Ultimate Barrier to Characterizing Other Earths"
flavor = "Sagan"
institution_phd = "University of St Andrews"
institution_host = "Harvard University"
abstract = "The TESS mission will discover 500 Earths and super-Earths orbiting the closest stars. These will be ideal candidates to determine their compositions, characterize their atmospheres, assess their habitability. However, these opportunities will not be realized unless we can determine their most fundamental parameter: mass. This is precluded by the magnetic activity of the host star. I will identify the physical processes at play using exquisite HARPS-N observations of the Sun, and examine the magnetic behaviour of other stars. Leveraging on these lessons, I will develop recipes for precise mass determinations, to enable the full characterization of small planets."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HuZ9owZD_sX2wMFalgeDGYZ43ZcsAMBO"

[[apps]]
name = "Johanna Teske"
year = 2017
category = "Exoplanets and Habitability"
title = "Characterizing the Diversity of Small Planet Compositions via Planet Densities and Host Star Abundances"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of Arizona"
institution_host = "Carnegie Institution"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1WUxSDLP-mhOUfEnQa_xG3RN3N-sT8DV_"

[[apps]]
name = "Brett McGuire"
year = 2017
category = "The Milky Way and Resolved Stellar Populations"
title = "Getting Away from One-Pot Syntheses: Heterogeneity in Molecular Evolution Revealed with ALMA"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "California Institute of Technology"
institution_host = "National Radio Astronomy Observatory"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/17TvwAAIp9WL5MZ8u8ktWjMNkHznUZFj-"

[[apps]]
name = "Andrew Vanderburg"
year = 2017
category = "Exoplanets and Habitability"
title = "The Galactic Distribution of Exoplanets"
flavor = "Sagan"
institution_phd = "Harvard University"
institution_host = "University of Texas at Austin"
abstract = "The Kepler mission revolutionized our understanding of small exoplanets orbiting near their host stars, but Kepler only surveyed one small part of the sky. The populations of planets in other parts of the sky, which formed and evolved in different environments, could be somewhat different from the planet population Kepler observed. I propose to use Kepler in its K2 mission, which now observes target fields across the sky, to probe the population of exoplanets in different galactic environments. I will search K2 data for planets and characterize the efficiency with which I can find small planets, and I will conduct a large spectroscopic survey of the detected planet candidates and characterize the target fields. Any differences in the population of planets in different galactic environments will betray the formation and evolution history of small planets."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/10GZUQiF-VH2jQNaYrK8njkr81SpmuacF"

[[apps]]
name = "Sean Johnson"
year = 2016
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "Unveiling the relationship between AGN and the CGM: feeding and feedback"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of Chicago"
institution_host = "Princeton University"
abstract = "As a Hubble Fellow at Yale, I will combine the resources of both Palomar and Keck to conduct the first large and comprehensive survey of the Circum-Galactic Medium (CGM) of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) to gain insight into AGN feeding and feedback. The survey will begin with the construction of a large sample of obscured AGN with CGM constraints enabling a detailed comparison between the CGM of AGN hosts and a carefully matched control sample of non-AGN galaxies. I will then search for connections between AGN outflows and the CGM through a combination of high resolution spectroscopy constraining the ionization state of the absorbing gas and deep, spatially resolved spectra to reveal the presence of extended AGN-driven outflows. This unique survey will use my own experience with the CGM and the sensitivity of absorption spectroscopy to unveil the relationship between AGN feeding/feedback and the CGM and provide new insights into both black hole growth and galaxy evolution to address two of the five key questions of the Cosmic Origins Program."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/14Xe8qsSMcrD-BGgVVzdwrpflZoijlAUg"

[[apps]]
name = "Lia Corrales"
year = 2016
category = "The Milky Way and Resolved Stellar Populations"
title = "Bringing the Galactic Center into focus with dust scattering"
flavor = "Einstein"
institution_phd = "Columbia University"
institution_host = "University of Wisconsin–Madison"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/10pmYYRgQKd-p8FoCZ193WKD2GJufPk2g"

[[apps]]
name = "Kate Follette"
year = 2016
category = "Exoplanet Formation and Protoplanetary Disks"
title = "Finding and Characterizing Forming Protoplanets with Next Generation Adaptive Optics Systems"
flavor = "Sagan"
institution_phd = "University of Arizona"
institution_host = "Stanford University"
abstract = "This proposal addresses several key questions in planet formation theory and takes advantage of spatial resolution, inner working angle and stability regimes that have never before been available to complete a survey for accreting protoplanets inside the inner cavities of transitional disks. The purpose of this campaign will be to (a) complete the Magellan Giant Accreting Protoplanet Survey (GAPlanetS), which will identify accreting protoplanet and inner disk candidates through differential imaging at H-alpha, and (b) characterize these objects in the near-infrared with the Gemini Planet Imager (GPI). Multiwavelength followup of GAPlanetS candidates with GPI is critical in determining the nature of candidate protoplanets identified at H-alpha, as GPI is the only currently-available US instrument with the polarimetric capability, inner working angle and resolution to image them in the NIR. I have already demonstrated the power of the GAPlanetS imaging technique to identify accreting objects, both low mass stars (HD142527B) and forming protoplanets (LkCa15b), as described in detail in the body of this proposal. Planets identified through GAPplanetS will be among the tightest separation directly imaged giant planets to date, and the survey will be the first direct imaging survey capable of identifying giant planets still in the process of formation."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AlRewpXt4CeDQD69kz_nWPmAW8128Two"

[[apps]]
name = "Josiah Schwab"
year = 2016
category = "Stellar Physics"
title = "The Stellar Remnants of Double White Dwarf Mergers"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of California, Berkeley"
institution_host = "University of California, Santa Cruz"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/11wTSo1WyZtQoxMbWyvO4UW7lOHx8JoS3"

[[apps]]
name = "Diana Dragomir"
year = 2016
category = "Exoplanets and Habitability"
title = "Characterizing Small Planets Around Bright Stars"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of British Columbia"
institution_host = "Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1WM4-jxqc9xHUyr5JHqRnqIIJGv3VpmiP"

[[apps]]
name = "Tyler Robinson"
year = 2015
category = "Exoplanets and Habitability"
title = "Bridging the Theory Gap: Developing a Novel Cloud Model for Exoplanets"
flavor = "Sagan"
institution_phd = "University of Washington"
institution_host = "University of California, Santa Cruz"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1SZXw7_ZVWqNAcVEN19sq6uxlU-zIFq0h"

[[apps]]
name = "Peter Behroozi"
year = 2015
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "Uncovering Connections between Galaxy and Dark Matter Halo Assembly Histories"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "Stanford University"
institution_host = "University of California, Berkeley"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1rksTYMcfgWf-qqUNRE7h3rLaVE0jgnz-"

[[apps]]
name = "Daniel Foreman-Mackey"
year = 2015
category = "Exoplanets and Habitability"
title = "(unspecified title)"
flavor = "Sagan"
institution_phd = "New York University"
institution_host = "University of Washington"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1bxmVmvv0a8HahzUeXKFI1hiWiaspnDyr"

[[apps]]
name = "Brooke Simmons"
year = 2015
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "Illuminating the Black Hole-Galaxy Connection"
flavor = "Einstein"
institution_phd = "Yale University"
institution_host = "University of California, San Diego"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1JAuhjgeN603J-SoVxhl5lj5spp6BSV9E"

[[apps]]
name = "Adrian Liu"
year = 2015
category = "Physics and Cosmology"
title = "From a Detection to Astrophysics in 21 cm Cosmology"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
institution_host = "University of California, Berkeley"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Kuff9sluM2t5PHVXy6pbPGzl54gHrfXO"

[[apps]]
name = "Matteo Brogi"
year = 2014
category = "Exoplanets and Habitability"
title = "Pushing forward the frontiers of exoplanet characterization"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "Leiden University"
institution_host = "University of Colorado Boulder"
abstract = "The field of exoplanets is one of the most exciting research areas in contemporary astrophysics. It addresses fundamental questions about the origin and uniqueness of the Solar System, and it ultimately aims to study habitable terrestrial planets and the signatures of life. During my PhD, I have developed a new technique for characterizing exoplanets via high-resolution spectroscopy. For the first time, I have detected the atmospheres of non-transiting planets, and measured their masses and orbital inclinations (e.g. Brogi et al., Nature, 2012). As a Hubble Fellow, I will exploit the full capabilities of this method. Furthermore, I will combine the complementary information from observations at low and high spectral resolution. This will significantly reduce degeneracies in the measured atmospheric parameters and initiate a stage of comparative planetology in exoplanet research, which is required to fully understand planet formation and evolution."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1RuFsWBhPb0Yn494Njxij70usH-u0E8Kd"

[[apps]]
name = "James Owen"
year = 2014
category = "Exoplanet Formation and Protoplanetary Disks"
title = "Formation and evolution of exoplanets"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of Cambridge"
institution_host = "Institute for Advanced Study"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Q-tF7U8V7HbaL6Z5CRu3n5xoykcM2UDv"

[[apps]]
name = "Ian Crossfield"
year = 2014
category = "Exoplanets and Habitability"
title = "Spectroscopy and Cartography of Cool Extrasolar Atmospheres"
flavor = "Sagan"
institution_phd = "University of California, Los Angeles"
institution_host = "University of Arizona"
abstract = "Clouds and hazes dramatically alter the observed properties of exoplanet atmospheres seen in transmission and emission, just as they sculpt the thermal emission spectra of more massive brown dwarfs. I will conduct an intensive observational study of clouds and hazes in nearby exoplanets and brown dwarfs. The main components will be: (1) a Large HST/STIS survey for Rayleigh Scattering hazes in known super-Earths; (2) followup transit observations of newly-discovered planets; (3) eclipse mapping with Spitzer and HST/WFC3 to chart the day sides of hot Jupiters; and (4) Doppler Imaging of cloudy brown dwarfs to produce global 2D maps of multiple chemical species."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1RPu9pZUYwmldkKtIr82xwCGm4nDngRRZ"

[[apps]]
name = "Grant Tremblay"
year = 2014
category = "Compact Objects and Accretion"
title = "Unifying Chandra with ALMA: Star Formation amid Kinematic Black Hole Feedback"
flavor = "Einstein"
institution_phd = "Rochester Institute of Technology"
institution_host = "Yale University"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1iEiuT5T2pJUCSbnL81C8xgxdYRa69Piq"

[[apps]]
name = "Francois Foucart"
year = 2014
category = "Gravitational Wave Astrophysics"
title = "Simulating compact binary mergers for multi-messenger astronomy"
flavor = "Einstein"
institution_phd = "Cornell University"
institution_host = "Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1PCyva3eoYnnruvbaz3oChgW5iKK-SPxH"

[[apps]]
name = "Krzysztof Nalewajko"
year = 2013
category = "Compact Objects and Accretion"
title = "Understanding Gamma-Ray Flares of Blazars"
flavor = "Einstein"
institution_phd = "Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center"
institution_host = "University of Colorado Boulder"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1CMafAR3aqvhk-a-gcIj-pSfccS-nfGMW"

[[apps]]
name = "Jonathan Trump"
year = 2013
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "The Physics Behind Galaxy / Black Hole Coevolution"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of Arizona"
institution_host = "Pennsylvania State University"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1jIuiZXPbVIe9tuTEZ9wbkzyNC0GIb8so"

[[apps]]
name = "Laura Blecha"
year = 2012
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "Seeking the Origins of Single and Double Active Black Holes"
flavor = "Einstein"
institution_phd = "Harvard University"
institution_host = "University of Maryland"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/13OIY99fhRZXRSEH-aTOPlaSRMaULFkdq"

[[apps]]
name = "Julie Hlavacek-Larrondo"
year = 2012
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "Unravelling AGN feedback: from isolated elliptical galaxies to massive clusters of galaxies"
flavor = "Einstein"
institution_phd = "University of Cambridge"
institution_host = "Stanford University"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1kSfXVMUDjs4P31q4S0WN9_kij1YXHxK0"

[[apps]]
name = "Ann-Marie Madigan"
year = 2012
category = "Stellar Physics"
title = "The dynamics of stars in disks around massive black holes"
flavor = "Einstein"
institution_phd = "Columbia University"
institution_host = "University of California, Berkeley"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1UGJ9MB6dhMq0nAIt7QSX-ZOVvQQFgHe0"

[[apps]]
name = "Steven Finkelstein"
year = 2011
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "Measuring the Evolution of Galaxy Physical Properties from z = 2 – 8"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "Arizona State University"
institution_host = "University of Texas at Austin"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AI0TikfSTi16nCZwpYuQczCV750_DVcQ"

[[apps]]
name = "Nathalie Degenaar"
year = 2011
category = "Compact Objects and Accretion"
title = "Probing extremes of binary evolution using subluminous X-ray binaries"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of Amsterdam"
institution_host = "University of Michigan"
abstract = "Although X-ray binaries constitute to the brightest X-ray point sources in our Galaxy, a peculiar subgroup is orders of magnitude fainter in the X-rays than the general population. These subluminous X-ray binaries may harbor unusual donors, tracing rare binary evolution paths, and represent a relatively poor explored regime of accretion. This proposal aims at elucidating the nature of this tantalizing population of X-ray binaries to advance our understanding of binary evolution and accretion flows occurring at low rates."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1W2OcrJJFBUSGteu6c6ljrnuPo_L_CInL"

[[apps]]
name = "Ken Shen"
year = 2011
category = "Compact Objects and Accretion"
title = "Theoretical Investigations of Type Ia Supernova Progenitors"
flavor = "Einstein"
institution_phd = "University of California, Santa Barbara"
institution_host = "Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Jrc_Qlb_oPkkptVq-064bB8b_R5A3EsM"

[[apps]]
name = "John Tobin"
year = 2011
category = "Exoplanet Formation and Protoplanetary Disks"
title = "The Formation and Structure of Proto-Planetary Disks Around the Youngest Protostars"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of Michigan"
institution_host = "National Radio Astronomy Observatory"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1zLla197RkQrxE6GhrP5beiZtdLfcSc24"

[[apps]]
name = "David Kipping"
year = 2011
category = "Exoplanets and Habitability"
title = "A Search for Exomoons"
flavor = "Sagan"
institution_phd = "University College London"
institution_host = "Harvard University"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/16UsT5m5sxqUHtB7uHjqz0KMHIJct8S1g"

[[apps]]
name = "Tony Mroczkowski"
year = 2010
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "Revealing Cluster Astrophysics and Evolution with MUSTANG"
flavor = "Einstein"
institution_phd = "Columbia University"
institution_host = "Jet Propulsion Laboratory"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1opmYxPL_02xS0YJt6gTpCnTRfe6q_Bj5"

[[apps]]
name = "Nicolas Yunes"
year = 2010
category = "Physics and Cosmology"
title = "Exploiting Gravitational Wave Observations: Modeling of Extreme-Mass Ratio Inspirals and Tests of Fundamental Physics"
flavor = "Einstein"
institution_phd = "Pennsylvania State University"
institution_host = "Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1BnlQto6RYos6ZgqtU5ku3ORZWVY2Jc6C"

[[apps]]
name = "Emily Rauscher"
year = 2010
category = "Exoplanets and Habitability"
title = "(unspecified title)"
flavor = "Sagan"
institution_phd = "Columbia University"
institution_host = "University of Arizona"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1tKJ5LYgYUsZocxVqRkqJBkkmNnqPYddq"

[[apps]]
name = "Daniel Fabrycky"
year = 2010
category = "Exoplanets and Habitability"
title = "Dynamical Architecture of Planetary Systems"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "Princeton University"
institution_host = "University of California, Santa Cruz"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wXS9TyAJaQmGHvXqcTp8S9-vVjj374E5"

[[apps]]
name = "Tabetha Boyajian"
year = 2009
category = "Stellar Physics"
title = "The Angular Diameters and Physical Properties of Low-Mass Stars"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "Georgia State University"
institution_host = "Georgia State University"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/18JlfX-JirIE0ISaztdT48d7Fz9r-6Bwl"

[[apps]]
name = "Shelley Wright"
year = 2009
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "Galactic Disk Formation, AGN, and Metallicity in the Early Universe: Spatially Resolved Spectroscopy of High-Redshift Galaxies"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of California, Los Angeles"
institution_host = "University of California, Berkeley"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1QiHvjYDGBTSUIRGD93tcTx1B25dj4UV1"

[[apps]]
name = "Kristian Finlator"
year = 2009
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "Radiative Hydrodynamic Simulations of Galaxies in the Reionization Epoch"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of Arizona"
institution_host = "University of California, Santa Barbara"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1DskjMMp3YLMSXJRp9d6gqRmcindocOUG"

[[apps]]
name = "John Wise"
year = 2009
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "Ab Initio Dwarf Galaxy Formation – Predictions for JWST and ALMA"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "Stanford University"
institution_host = "Princeton University"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1QiHvjYDGBTSUIRGD93tcTx1B25dj4UV1"

[[apps]]
name = "Eliza Kempton"
year = 2009
category = "Exoplanets and Habitability"
title = "(unspecified title)"
flavor = "Sagan"
institution_phd = "Harvard University"
institution_host = "University of California, Santa Cruz"
abstract = "Extrasolar planet detection methods have advanced to the point where planets approaching Earth mass are detectable with currently available instruments. The newly discovered class of planets known as “super-Earths” with masses in the range of 1-10 M$_\\oplus$ afford scientists the ability to study planets and planet formation scenarios in a mass regime that does not exist in our solar system. Characterization of super Earth atmospheres will be possible with future instruments such as those aboard the James Webb Space Telescope. However, the interpretation of any such observations will necessitate direct comparison against theoretical atmosphere models. As a Ph.D. student I have developed a planetary atmosphere model specifically for super-Earths, and as a Sagan fellow I will continue to develop this model to study the range of possible atmospheres that may take hold on these low-mass planets. I plan to examine the important effects of non-equilibrium chemistry on super-Earth atmospheres by incorporating a photochemical model into my existing model atmosphere. I will also study the effects of clouds and surface-atmosphere interactions on the atmospheric structure and composition. The results from my models will then be applied to determine what types of future observations will be necessary to characterize and classify the atmospheres of low-mass planets."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/10T1C-bEEEL5ULCYt8F0U8PlZ2B4aY9Ak"

[[apps]]
name = "Kelle Cruz"
year = 2007
category = "Stellar Physics"
title = "Nearby, Young Brown Dwarfs: A Comprehensive Study"
flavor = "Spitzer"
institution_phd = "University of Pennsylvania"
institution_host = "California Institute of Technology"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1PU6tOSG_ESV-xf6Q-qGNFgQDWAd_puw5"

[[apps]]
name = "Daniel Fabrycky"
year = 2007
category = "Exoplanets and Habitability"
title = "Dynamical detection and migration of multiple-body planetary systems"
flavor = "Michelson"
institution_phd = "Princeton University"
institution_host = "Harvard University"
abstract = "With the discovery of planets orbiting other stars came numerous examples of multiple-body systems: as of October 2006, 20 stars are known to host multiple planets and 31 planet-hosting stars are known to have at least one stellar companion. In our own planetary system, the planets only slightly perturb each other’s orbits because of their relatively small eccentricities and inclinations and their generous spacing. The planets of other stars, in contrast, generally have a strong dynamical coupling to one another. If one of the planets transits the host star, transit-timing measurements will exquisitely constrain the system’s parameters and may even permit the detection of additional planets. I will develop a theoretical and statistical framework to diagnose the dynamical state of planetary systems by such measurements. The long-term perturbation of a planet by a companion star can drive its orbit to high eccentricity; with the help of tidal dissipation the planet may migrate to become a hot Jupiter. I will make theoretical models of such evolution to constrain the histories of planets in binaries on the basis of their orbits observable by Navigator observatories SIM and TPF."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1THT-mosRL0dBkh1FaB3VLK80WcbsNyvT"

[[apps]]
name = "Rachel Mandelbaum"
year = 2006
category = "Physics and Cosmology"
title = "Understanding the universe with weak lensing"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "Princeton University"
institution_host = "Institute for Advanced Study"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/18MOQM6NRu4qphe6BjbNfeGBMgCKXaNaU"

[[apps]]
name = "Mark Krumholz"
year = 2005
category = "Stellar Physics"
title = "Star Formation Efficiency and the Life Cycle of Molecular Clouds"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of California, Berkeley"
institution_host = "Princeton University"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1uBvafigUDpqwqkCKC0kuWxbl6z48GKEa"

[[apps]]
name = "Jeremy Darling"
year = 2005
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "The Evolution of Neutral Gas from the Epoch of Reionization to the Present"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "Cornell University"
institution_host = "University of Chicago"
abstract = "The gas phase of the universe, dominated by hydrogen, has undergone dramatic changes since radiation decoupled from matter. The first stars and quasars blew ionized bubbles in the neutral gas, and these Str ̈omgren spheres eventually overlapped to create a mostly ionized universe, leaving the surviving neutral hydrogen in overdense filaments tracing the early large scale structure. As density constrasts grew via gravitational instabilities, the neutral hydrogen played a key role in the evolution of galaxies. We propose to study the phase transition of the intergalactic medium during the epoch or reionization and the subsequent evolution of the remaining neutral hydrogen gas, including the connection to galaxy evolution, in a two-pronged effort. First, we will identify probes of the epoch or reionization for eventual absorption line studies, and second we will identify all damped Lyα absorption systems along many lines of sight from the present to the EOR — irrespective of dust content or redshift — and study the hosts of these systems across the epoch of galaxy evolution."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1uFP0yDQ9md4dbUdBYT-Oi0fOo-ZYnIjA"

[[apps]]
name = "Sean Brittain"
year = 2004
category = "Exoplanet Formation and Protoplanetary Disks"
title = "(unspecified title)"
flavor = "Michelson"
institution_phd = "University of Notre Dame"
institution_host = "National Radio Astronomy Observatory"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1QrFxUfK0FWH1IV3DjENc6i_avzdkm4zj"

[[apps]]
name = "Hiranya Peiris"
year = 2004
category = "Physics and Cosmology"
title = "Constraining Fundamental Physics Using the Cosmic Microwave Background and Complementary Data"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "Princeton University"
institution_host = "University of Chicago"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1tSw5H5mC2xk7UR2yOUM6HJrFEk6-MhX5"

[[apps]]
name = "Marla Geha"
year = 2003
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "The Nature and Origin of Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of California, Santa Cruz"
institution_host = "Carnegie Observatories"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1W-KvLLZpbmIPHvdoGAm4t66vmx_s53-s"

[[apps]]
name = "Jeffrey Newman"
year = 2003
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "(unspecified title)"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of California, Berkeley"
institution_host = "Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1REkzfxTSFsIYHXccSlZGvi4DvVKnrT_p"

[[apps]]
name = "Jason Aufdenberg"
year = 2003
category = "Stellar Physics"
title = "21st Century Interferometry of Hot Star Photospheres"
flavor = "Michelson"
institution_phd = "Arizona State University"
institution_host = "National Radio Astronomy Observatory"
abstract = "Recently commissioned interferometers on the earth (e.g., CHARA, VLTI, NPOI, Keck) and those planned for space (SIM, TPF) will be key tools for astrophysicists through the next decade and beyond. Recent technological developments make possible now, for the first time in 30 years, the direct measurement of stellar diameters and limb-intensity profiles of stars hotter than the sun. Using the Center for High Resolution Astronomy (CHARA) interferometric array, such measurements will be made and, by combining both experimental and theoretical expertise, the uncertainties in the direct effective temperatures of 33 stars will significantly reduced. These data are crucial for testing state-of-the-art models of both stellar atmospheres and stellar interiors, and thereby our understanding of stellar and galactic evolution. The first limb-intensity profile measurements of 8 early-type giants and supergiants will double the number of stars for which limb-darkening has been directly measured and provide rare direct tests of model stellar atmosphere intensity predictions. Furthermore, independent mass-loss rates for B- and A-type supergiants, critical for the calibration of these stars as independent distance indicators, will be determined via interferometry for the first time by comparing measurements with the predictions of expanding model atmospheres."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1BSKiB6s5E-cXAwlOfEQTrBPL1Ii1uF-K"

[[apps]]
name = "Martin Bureau"
year = 2001
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "Galactic Dynamics Over 4 Orders of Magnitude in Radii"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "Australian National University"
institution_host = "Columbia University"
abstract = "As a Hubble Fellow, I will combine observational, theoretical, and archival work to study the connection between the nuclear properties of galaxies and their global structure and dynamics. For this, I will use three different but complementary approaches, each involving data obtained through vastly different means over 4 orders of magnitude in radii. First, I will carry out archival work to extend our knowledge of correlations between the nuclear properties of galaxies and their large scale shape and dynamics. Second, I will model the kinematics of a few carefully chosen early-type galaxies over a large range of scales, to identify the dynamical mechanisms connecting the interior parts to the exterior. Last, I will initiate an observational project to directly test proposed bar-driven secular evolution scenarios for the bulges of spirals. All three projects rely heavily on data from both HST and the unique panoramic integral-field spectrograph SAURON."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/14JCOnUGCkW4ZO0yPQcyy6w7AhP8CM0Ph"

[[apps]]
name = "Keivan Stassun"
year = 2001
category = "Stellar Physics"
title = "Observational Tests of Pre-Main-Sequence Stellar Evolution Theory"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of Wisconsin–Madison"
institution_host = "University of Wisconsin–Madison"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1x8CN9ABIrHgSRXrijsE_AvgaYEm4HEhZ"

[[apps]]
name = "Andrew Hopkins"
year = 2001
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "Evolution of star-forming galaxies spanning $0<z\\lesssim2$"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of Sydney"
institution_host = "University of Pittsburgh"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1vyjWUQhaVN4IqDWSypMWW5zjPXnlK6PU"

[[apps]]
name = "Jeremy Heyl"
year = 2000
category = "Compact Objects and Accretion"
title = "Probing the Physics of Neutron Stars Through Observations of their Atmospheres"
flavor = "Chandra"
institution_phd = "University of California, Santa Cruz"
institution_host = "Smithsonian Astronomical Observatory"
abstract = "In my thesis, I examined how intense magnetic fields influence physical processes in the vicinity of and inside neutron stars. To understand the effect of the magnetic field outside the star, I derived a compact analytic form for the effective Lagrangian of quantum electrodynamics (QED) with an external field, the index of refraction, the opacity to form electromagnetic shocks, and corrections to a macroscopic magnetic dipole. I developed both an analytic and a convenient numerical technique to accurately study the properties of simple atoms and molecules in an intense magnetic field, aiding in the interpretion of spectra from neutron star atmospheres. I calculated both analytic and numerical models of the structure of neutron-star envelopes over a wide range of magnetic field geometries. These results were translated into constraints the cooling emission of several neutron star candidates."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ojUDZIWetWdu0l7CbpNjrAjX4bG9eCjP"

[[apps]]
name = "Chris Reynolds"
year = 1998
category = "Compact Objects and Accretion"
title = "The Central Engines and Immediate Environments of Active Galactic Nuclei"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of Cambridge"
institution_host = "University of Colorado Boulder"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/147szFbbjAmaBSk58s2sIJZd_ggRGI_fJ"

[[apps]]
name = "Bryan Gaensler"
year = 1998
category = "Compact Objects and Accretion"
title = "Born with a Band: Neutron Stars and their Origins"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of Sydney"
institution_host = "Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
abstract = nan
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/16j_vtYWqF-p_aO0yeCE98_AnBTRVRzff"

[[apps]]
name = "James Lowenthal"
year = 1993
category = "Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium"
title = "Starburst Galaxies at $z<1$"
flavor = "Hubble"
institution_phd = "University of Arizona"
institution_host = "University of California, Santa Cruz"
abstract = "I propose to obtain deep optical images and spectroscopic redshifts of a sample of $\\mu$Jy extragalactic sources discovered at 8.44 GHz with the VLA. Previous studies have shown that such faint radio surveys are probably dominated by actively starforming galaxies at $z\\sim0.5$, and that there is a tight correlation between the radio and mid-IR characteristics of most galaxies; detailed optical and near-IR observations will thus elucidate the nature and evolution of starburst galaxies at cosmological lookback times, extending by an order of magnitude the regime sampled by IRAS and complementing existing optically-selected faint galaxy surveys."
url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1tUVYJVFndyPUkIXPU5bWtmKUdrvKHnEF"
